Pelargonium sidoides

Umckaloabo / African Geranium

Pelargonium sidoides is a perennial herb native to the coastal grasslands of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Its common name, umckaloabo, derives from the Zulu word ‘umKhondo’ (track) and ‘kali’ (fever) — literally ‘the plant that tracks down fevers’. The Zulu people have used the tuberous roots for centuries to treat respiratory infections, coughs, fever, and gastrointestinal complaints.

The root contains coumarins (particularly umckalin), phenolic acids, and gallotannins that demonstrate antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. Clinical studies support its efficacy in acute bronchitis, sinusitis, and tonsillitis. The roots are harvested after the plant’s second year, dried, and prepared as a decoction or tincture.

Chemical Constituents

Umckalin, gallic acid, coumarins, esculetine, proanthocyanidins, polyphenols, minerals.

Clinical Use

Registered phytomedicine in Germany (EPs 7630) for acute respiratory infections. Dosage: 20–30 drops of tincture three times daily for adults.